Looks like you are using dynamic IP addressing for the router and your
intranet hosts. That means the upstream DHCP server *must* be present
BEFORE you have the downstream host bind to (ask for) an IP address.
For your intranet hosts, they are the downstream nodes in your network
as they are likely configured to use DHCP to get dynamically assigned IP
addresses. To them, the upstream DHCP server built into the router.
For your router, its upstream DHCP server is your ISP's DHCP server
(through the cable modem).
For DHCP to work means the upstream DHCP server must already be running
and accessible to the downstream host. To get a dynamic IP address
assigned to a host means its upstream DHCP must be ready to dole one
out. If the upstream DHCP server is not available, from where is the
downstream host going to request an IP address? If a host cannot find
its upstream DHCP server, it will fallback and assign a private IP
address called APIPA (automatic private IP addressing) but which is not
usable for networking past the router. See:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apipa
http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/protocolsdhcp/g/bldef_apipa.htm
If I see an intranet host with a 169.x.x.x APIPA address then I know the
host couldn't find its upstream DHCP server at the time it tried to
bind. If I see the router has an 169.x.x.x APIPA address then I know
the ISP's DHCP server wasn't available at the time the router tried to
create a binding. In those cases, and if the upstread DHCP servers were
available, the problem was binding in the wrong order (bottom-up instead
of top-down). APIPA addresses cannot get past the network segment in
which they are defined hence they cannot be used to get past the router
out to the Internet.
Unlike the 2nd article indicates, I'm not auto-renegotiation is
guaranteed. That is, when the upstream DHCP server becomes available
doesn't mean your host is going to then initiate a renegotiation with
the DHCP server to get an IP address that is usable outside the network
segment. I've had to do a release and renew to release the old binding
and force a new binding.
To avoid APIPA addressing and to ensure the upstream DHCP server is
already available when you bring up a host that wants an IP binding, you
power up in top-down order, not bottom-up, as in:
- Power it all down: cable modem, router, and all intranet hosts.
- Power up only the cable modem and let it stabilize (takes about a
minute).
- Then power up the router and let it stabilize. It will now get its
dynamically assigned IP address from your ISP (because their DHCP
server is already ready).
- Lastly power up each intranet host. It will get its dynamically
assigned IP address from your router's built-in DHCP server.
For a host to get (bind to) a dynamically assigned IP address means its
DHCP server has to already be available. It looks like you've been
yanking and plugging cables without the proper power cycling sequence or
binding in the proper order or forcing a rebind. This isn't like
plugging in audio cables. Binding requires negotiation and that means
the DHCP server has to be ready so it can handle a request from the
client. Doing a release (unbind) and renew still requires doing them in
proper order although sometimes it will work out of order.
The above doesn't apply if you configure the TCP/IP properties on your
intranet hosts to use static IP addresses. Then they don't need to have
an already running DHCP server from which to get one; however, that also
means you have to configure which DNS server(s) you will use to resolve
hostnames into IP addresses (humans like names whereas computers always
address each other using numbers). Yet even with static IP address, it
is likely you have not paid or do not get a static IP address from your
ISP (for use by the WAN-side of your router). That means even if you
use static IP addresses for your intranet hosts that you will still need
to use dynamic IP addressing by your router to assign its WAN-side IP
address (the IP address that all sites to which you connect will see).
If you have paid (or get one free with your service) for a static IP
address from your ISP then you need to make sure your router is also
configured to *not* use DHCP to get its IP address and instead you punch
into its config screens the static IP address that your ISP assigned to
you.
If you leave the cable modem, router, and intranet hosts all powered up
and they stay powered up when you go yanking and plugging in CAT5
cables, the current binding in the intranet hosts may no longer be
valid. You need to force a rebind. Power cycling a host is one way to
force a new bind. Another is to run "ipconfig /release *" (release all
bindings) followed by "ipconfig /renew" (to create a new binding). Yet
I've seen TCP/IP setup get screwed up somehow that the command doesn't
work yet a power cycle (in proper order as noted above) will work.
Although binding have an expiration, I've seen routers that have an old
dynamic IP address that the ISP's DHCP server no longer permits to
connect into and through their network. They do some maintainence, your
old IP address (on the WAN-side of the router) is no longer valid, the
router doesn't renegotiate, and the ISP has expired that old binding so
it won't permit its use. You can network between your intranet hosts
but not out from the router because your ISP doesn't think you own that
old IP address anymore. In that case, there usually is a IP reset
function somewhere in the router's config screens. It might be called
Reset or have the 2 separate release and renew functions mentioned for
the ipconfig command (but runs within the router). I have encountered
many times when Internet access stops because the router's WAN-side IP
address previously assigned by my ISP's DHCP server is no longer valid
but the router doesn't renegotiate (or the ISP's DHCP wouldn't do it).
The cure was to go to the router's config screen where it lets me click
on Release (to unbind) and Renew (to bind by asking the ISP's DHCP
server for a new assignment).
It's possible to figure out at which point the binding is no longer
valid but often it is easier and quicker to simply power it all down and
then power up in top-down order: cable modem, router, then host(s).