You definitely know more about networking than I do and I can see by your
reply I wasn't specific enough. On my router, Belkin N+, there is a
designated ethernet port for the cable modem,
Yep, that's the WAN port. Internally, it connects to one side of the
'router'. Still internally, the other side of the router is bridged to
a switch.
a USB port for the backup drive
The USB controller is bridged to the switch.
and four "wired" (that is their name on the router) ethernet ports.
Those are additional switch ports. Internally, there's another switch
port that connects to the bridge and provides connectivity to the
router.
It's a bit weird and confusing to bundle all of those components into
what we call a router since the router is only one piece of the pie,
but that's the convention.
The computer and printer are connected to individual "wired" ports. Would
this fit the "LAN"/"WAN" description you gave?
Yes, those are LAN ports. The entire switch section is on the LAN.
Is there a better way to configure this? (My most important consideration
is being able to print from my laptop with the desktop off.)
No, it sounds like you have it right. I should probably apologize for
the distraction, but I just wanted to get maximum clarity, so my
apologies and thanks for the replies.
When I hooked up the first printer, I could not get full communications
between desktop and printer until I allowed access to all ports for the
printer in the firewall. On the second, no change on port access made any
difference.
When you first mentioned ports and firewalls, I assumed you were
talking about configuring your router device, but that wouldn't make
sense (because the router's port and firewall settings don't affect
the operation of the LAN), so I see now that you've been referring to
ports and firewalls on individual PC's. Carry on!